Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry in 1831 have conceptualized and discovered power transformers with so many experimentations. A power transformer can be defined as a unit that effectively changes voltages from one amount to another. Terminologically transformers are considered as the storage device for electricity that transforms electric circuit from one place to other. The ultimate function of power transformers is to make use of electricity without the risk of destroying the internal circuitry of any equipment due to the flow of high voltage. The power leaves from power plants possess very high voltage. It reaches electric poles where it gets stepped down to lesser voltage through transformers. Then it is being transported to final destination i.e electrical equipments and appliances.
Electricity can be more easily transported through transformers. They are of various sizes. Huge transformers are used in power plants, intermediate transformers are used in electric poles where as smaller transformers are used in electronic equipments or appliances at homes or offices. Basing on the construction of the core, we can also divide transformers into two types. One is Core form transformers and the other is the shell form transformers. As per mechanism, in the core form, windings surround the iron core whereas in the shell form there is a shell or a frame which surrounds the windings.
Basing on the cooling mechanism adopted, transformers are broadly classified into two types i.e Dry type power transformer and Liquid filled transformer. These dry type transformers are widely used in industrial sectors in order to ensure safety. Dry type transformer units utilize high temperature insulation systems which is environmentally safe and recognized by CSA and UL.
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